A future solution

In the UK, some level of irreversible periodontitis affects almost half of all adults. Its high prevalence and association with over 50 systemic inflammatory disorders and comorbidities make it an essential disease to combat.

One promising area for tackling periodontitis and its symptoms is immunotherapy. Recent studies have sought to deliver immune-modulating compounds to reduce symptoms of oral disease, such as bone loss, and ultimately prevent it. Whilst the research continues gaining traction, dental practitioners who understand the role of the immune system can broaden the ways they can help patients affected by periodontitis.

Braving bone loss

The symptoms of periodontitis are numerous and well known: bleeding gingivae, swollen gingivae, halitosis and loosened teeth. For 70 to 80 per cent of patients with periodontitis, regular hygiene appointments with a dental professional can reduce the symptoms and prevent disease development, but when left unchecked, periodontitis can also trigger resorption in the alveolar bone. This occurs when harmful bacteria in the oral cavity activate the body’s immune system, sending white blood cells streaming into the affected area and causing inflammation. Chronic inflammation leads to the progressive destruction of the gingival connective tissue and collagen, causing bone loss. A reduction in the alveolar bone can have a serious dental impact, weakening the supporting structures of the teeth and leading to tooth loss. This contributes to many health and wellness issues, such as: